Dot Jot Brainstorming: #1

Essential Question: What were their adaptations throughout their evolution compared to other spiders?

Foundation Question: What was the tarantula’s evolution like throughout the years according to other arachnids?
NOTES (In own words; one line long)	SOURCES (Author’s Last Name or “Full Article Title”)
Main Idea 1:” New” adaptations
Hairs on abdomen of tarantulas can be kicked off (called urticating hairs) For the potential predator to be irritated & possibly run away	(“HOW SPIDERS SEE THE WORLD”).
Hooks on legs is able to make them climb upside-down & diagonally Scientists think this is a “recent” (many years ago) adaption	(“HOW SPIDERS SEE THE WORLD”).
Arboreal tarantulas (in trees) sees better than terrestrial tarantulas Tarantulas only see motion, light and darkness Spiders are tested of vision by their reactions to abrupt color Tarantulas were possibly tested with only black They did not react to abrupt colorful shapes	(“HOW SPIDERS SEE THE WORLD”).
Nocturnal hunting helps tarantulas because of their eye status The dark helps them see their prey, eye reflections too	(“HOW SPIDERS SEE THE WORLD”).
Main Idea 2: Old Adaptations
Eye arrangement differs from environment such as the crab spider Many spiders do not have 8 eyes, some have 6 or 4 even There are spiders with different eye locations for a purpose Crab spiders have eyes above to see over (the sand) Spider, Sinopoda scurion huntsman have no eyes Certain eyes contain certain different focuses Like our 2 eyes splitting up into 3, for different focus	(Pappas).
Web arrangements differ on where and how they live by specie EX: Grass spiders tunnel their webs through the grass	(“Spider Identification Guide”).
Less the eyes, more you can see the details, 5,000 jumping spiders Jumping spiders hunt, not make webs; able to see directly Spiders that hunt most-likely have less eyes & better eyesight	(“Spider Identification Guide”).
Tarantulas jump around 3 cm, jumping spiders jump much higher Tarantulas are too delicate to jump more according to species	(“HOW SPIDERS SEE THE WORLD”).
Main Idea 3: General evolution facts of the spider
Not only color & shape but also the genitalia can show adaption Female’s opening shape can vary which environment it was in Male’s bulb’s appearance changes in certain adaptations Adapted to “fit” to other gender in the area	(“Spider Identification Guide”).
They live in almost every space such as trees, riverbeds, dirt, logs... Some adapted to live in different places in a area Such as a tree tarantulas that live up in trees instead	(Wilgers).
Spiders are arthropods, arthropods are most of the earth’s population Insect’s population is around 43% of the earth’s population Insects rule the world better than other organisms	(Wilgers).
Food webs and environments changed drastically because of arachnids Insects such as flies have decreased Spiders can eat 800- 2,000 and more insects a year Tremendously helps arthropods (pests) decrease in population For balance in the ecosystem as a whole	(Wilgers).
DIRECT QUOTE: “Some webs are sticky and trap insects that fly into them, while others simply allow the spider to detect (through vibrations) prey items walking across, enabling the spider to subsequently capture them. Web- building is an adaptation that helps spiders catch a variety of insects, including flying and ground-dwelling insects, more efficiently” (Wilgers). Bonus: “The colors and patterns of many spiders can be extremely variable, whereas genital structures typically remain a constant across most individuals of the same species, which is why they are the most dependable and accurate way to identify a spider. We say “most” there because, even still, there are some species that exhibit variation even in their genitalia, and that’s something you come across as you grow more experienced with identification… it is yet another thing making species level spider identification difficult. In recent times, we have the help of DNA sequencing, but even that can be problematic.” (“Spider Identification Guide”).
PRIMARY SOURCE: It’s a diagram of different species of spider that are from different places, it’s the external form of the spider head. The one who is closest the the tarantula, in my opinion would be the Wolf spider, number one in this list. The most intriguing one to research was the “ogre faced” number 21, I recommend looking at it. These are not tarantulas! If interested, this is the diagram of face structures: (I DO NOT OWN THE TEXT BELOW NOR PICTURE - source is cited!) 1.Family Lycosidae – the Wolf Spiders 2.Family Salticidae – the Jumping Spiders 3.Family Salticidae, genus Lyssomanes – Magnolia Green Jumpers 4.Family Araneidae – the Orbweavers 5.Family Pisauridae, genus Dolomedes – the Fishing Spiders 6.Family Pisauridae, genus Pisaurina – the Nursery Web Spiders 7.Family Ctenidae – the Wandering Spiders 8.Family Oxyopidae – the Lynx Spiders 9.Family Philodromidae – the Running Crab Spiders 10.Family Dysderidae – the Woodlouse Hunters 11.Family Tetragnathidae, genus Tetragnatha – Long\ Orbweavers 12.Family Thomisidae, genus Xysticus – the Ground Crab Spiders 13.Family Agelenidae, genus Eratigena – the Funnel Weavers 14.Family Agelenidae, genus Agelenopsis – the Grass Spiders (aka Funnel Weavers) 15.Family Selenopidae, genus Selenops – the Flatties (aka Crab Spiders) 16.Family Sparassidae, genus Heteropoda – the Huntsman (aka Giant Crab Spiders) 17.Family Sparassidae, genus Olios – Giant Crab Spiders (aka Huntsman) 18.Family Sicariidae, genus Loxosceles – the Brown Spiders (Brown Recluse) 19.Family Uloboridae, genus Hyptiotes – the Triangle Weavers 20.Family Zoropsidae, species Zoropsis spinimana – the False Wolf Spider 21.Family Deinopidae, species Deinopis spinosa – the Net-casting Spider (aka Ogre-faced Spider) 22..Family Diguetidae, genus Diguetia – the Desertshrub Spiders 23.Family Antrodiaetidae, genus Antrodiaetus – Folding-door Spiders (Turret Spiders); these are primitive (mygalomorphs). 24.Family Segestriidae – the Tube Web Spiders 25.Family Scytodidae – the Spitting Spiders